Automotive Ethernet
A downstream frame and an upstream frame launch together from opposite transceivers on one twisted pair and pass each other mid-span.
A downstream frame and an upstream frame launch together from opposite transceivers on one twisted pair and pass each other mid-span.
Regularly spaced frames sit on their cadence guides until an off-cadence frame is injected between two of them and the detector window sweeps across, locks on and flags it.
Pulses run along a twisted-pair bus to the 120 ohm terminator at the far end and collapse into it, absorbed rather than reflected back down the line.
A transmit error counter bar climbs past the bus-off threshold, the node's drop to the bus withdraws and the ECU goes dark, then the counter walks back down and the link is restored.
Three node identifier bit streams contend on one bus line; two withdraw as their recessive bits lose and the lowest identifier carries on alone to the end of the frame.
Four domain controllers each gather a cluster of leaf ECUs off one backbone, and the domain a travelling frame is addressing lights while traffic stays bounded to it.
A CAN frame arrives at the central gateway, is held for one routing step while the table lights, and leaves the far side as an Ethernet packet of different shape.
The active slot marches through six equal static slots, then crosses into the dynamic segment and takes minislots of varying width before the cycle counter rolls over.
A long best-effort frame on a switch egress port is cut at a fragment boundary so an express control frame can drop into the gap and go first.
A master header marker steps across a fixed schedule of five slots and each addressed slave answers in turn in its own slot before the round wraps.
Three ECU clock tick trains sit offset from the grandmaster rule and slide onto its guides at different rates as the sync correction is applied.
An update package is streamed down into the inactive of two flash banks and, once that bank is full, the active pointer swings across to it.
A wake-up pattern runs the length of a sleeping bus and only the ECUs named in the partial-network mask come up as it reaches them; the rest stay dark.
The same frame travels both FlexRay channels; the copy on channel A is lost at a fault mark while channel B carries the payload through to the receiving node.
Four zonal controllers sit at the corners of a vehicle plan and a token runs a full lap of the backbone ring between them while local loads attach on short drops.